Tooth-crown.



c. 'J; SPAIN.

TOOTH GROWN.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV, 4, 1912. 1,062,048. Patented May 20, 1913.

fl lil -Attorney Witnesses I crown which may be adapted to variousCARROLL J. SPAIN, 01 BELOI'I, KANSAS.

TOOTH-CROWN.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARROLL J. SPAIN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Beloit, in the county of Mitchell and State of -Kansas, haveinvented a new and useful Tooth-Crown, of which the following is aspecification.

The present invention appertains generally to dentistry, andparticularly to an improvement in tooth crowns.

This invention aims to provide a toot-h roots in a facile, expeditiousand efficient manner, and in such a manner as to avoid the irritation ofthe gum tissue.

Another object of the present invention is toprovide a crown embodying abacking having a tubular or hollow root entering stem and having adetachable facing, in order that when the facing is removed, it willpermit of the treatment of abscesses of the root through the said stem.

A further object of the inventionis to provide a crown which shall beapplied to the root in such a manner as to throw the strain ofmastication or pressure on the entire root.

This invention also comprehends carrying out the aforesaid objects in asimple, efficient, and inexpensive manner, so that the crown will be aneffective one, and will be durable and substantial in its use.

To the above and other ends, which will appear as the descriptionproceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement ofparts and in the details of construction hereinafterdescribed andclaimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment ofinvention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what isclaimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated in theaccompany-' crown as applied' to the root. Fig. 5 is a perspectiveviewof the backing. Fig.6 is

a perspective view of the capping. Fig. 7

is Ea perspective view of the facing.

Referring specifically to the drawing, the

root has been designated by the numeral 8, and the facing which is to besecured there- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 4, 1912.

Patented May 20, 1913.

Serial No. 729,416.

' to, by the numeral9, this facing being preferably fashioned fromporcelain or other suitable material and being of a desired contour.

In carrying out the invention, there is provided an angular backing 10having the base 11, which is preferably although not necessarily, moldedor otherwise fashioned of gold, it being understood that other valuableor inexpensive metals or other materials may be employed with the samepropriety. The base 11 is provided with an integral upstanding tubularor hollow stem 12, the said stem opening through the base of thebacking. The facing 9 is provided with an upstanding prong ortang13'secured thereto adjacent the lingual-side, the said tang beingadapted to project or fit into the stem 12 of the backing. Thus, whenthe tang 13 is inserted into the stem 12, the facing may be cemented .orotherwise secured to thebacking.

The numeral 14 designates the capping which is employed for theadaptation of the backing to the butt end orbase of the root and isformed with a boss or collar 15, and with a single flange or lip 16 atits lingual edge. The capping 14 is molded from a suitable cast, patternor form obtained by means of a wax impression, or the like, ashereinafter described.

In adapting or applying the crown to a root, a wax or other plastic castis seated on the base 11, and the stem 12 is inserted into the nervecavity or root canal 17 of the root. The backing is then pressedslightly in order that the base or butt end of the root willbe embeddedin the plastic material. The wax impression is also worked into a notchor rabbeted portion 18 provided in the lingual side of the root, andafter the edges of the impression have been properly worked, the backingis withdrawn, and the impression which has formed itself to theconfiguration of the end of the root, is removed. Using said plasticimpression as a pattern, a gold or other capping of a permanentcharacter is molded. This permanent capping is engaged on ,the stem 12and is seated on the base, said capping and base being made to have asnug fit by filing or in condition to be applied and secured to theroot. When the crown is applied to the root, the stem 12 enters thecavity 17 of the root togetherwith the boss or collar 15 of the capping,and the lip 16 will fit or engage in the single rabbeted portion 18 atthe lingual side of the root. The capping is cemented or otherwisesecured to the root, in which event, the crown will be made rigid orfast to the root.

The facing 9 may be loosened from the backing at any time, so that thefacing may be removed for purpose of repair, replace ment or cleaning.The lip 16 in fitting in the rabbeted portion at the lingual side of theroot will throw the strain of mastication or pressure on the entireroot, or in the most effective manner. The capping 14 permits of themost effective adaptation of the crown to the root, in such a manner asto avoid the irritation of the gum tissue.

It occasionally happens that after the crown has been permanently setinto position, the tooth becomes abscessed at the root, and with theordinary or prevailing type of crown, the entire crown must be removedwhen it is necessary to treat the abscess. With the present invention,it is merely necessary to remove the facing 9, in which event, the stem12 will be exposed, and the abscess may be treated through the stem 12,the said stem being tubular or hollow. After the abscess has beenproperly treated, the facing or a new facing is again secured to thebacking. It will therefore follow, that the present crown provides forreadily treating abscess or other kindred troubles without removing theentire crown, the crown remaining in its set position.

The present crown may also be adapted to various roots, notwithstandingthe particu lar size of the root or the figuration thereof.

According to present day or prevailing practlce, 1n attaching a crown toa root, it has been the custom to provide a cap to fit over the butt endand sides of the root, the butt end of the root being filed or shaped toaccommodate the cap. Thus, the cap 111 fitting over the end of the root,although it serves to throw the strain of mastication on '1 the root,presents a flange or rim around the the gum tissues.

root to the cap, the present invention embodies a reversal thereof, andemploys a capping which is adapted to the root, so that the root neednot be filed or shaped to accommodate the capping. In the manner aboveindicated, it will be noted that the present capping is so adapted tothe root, that it will be of an outline equal to the outline of theroot, and will have one face so formed as to fit'the irregularities ofthe butt end of the root, the other face of the capping being secured tothe base of the backing.

The capping is not provided with the usual peripheral flange engagingall of the sides of the root, and in order that the forward or outwardstrain of mastication may be properly thrown onto the root, the cappinghas been provided with a lip adapted to engage the rabbeted portion ofthe lingual side of the root. Inasmuch as the strain of mastication willoccasionally tend to swing or force the crown forwardly, it will benoted that the lip 16 engaging the lingual side of the root, willproperly transmit the strain of mastication to the root.

WVith the employment of the capping above described, it will be notedthat there is no unnecessary protuberance and that the gum tissues willnot be injured, as is the case with the ordinary cap above referred to.The present cappingmay therefore be conveniently termed as being animpression capping adapted for the root, in contradistinction to theordinary cap to fit over the end and sides of the root which has beentrimmed to accommodate the cap.

From the foregoing, taken in connection with the drawings, theadvantages. and capabilities of the present invention will be apparentto those versed in the art, it being noted that the objects aimed athave been carried out ina satisfactory manner, and that the presentcrown provides a desirable one for the purposes for which it isdesigned.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. Atooth crown embodying an angular backing having a root entering stem,and a molded impression capping secured to the base of the backing andadapted for the irregularities of the butt end of the root.

2. A tooth crown embodying an angular backing having a root enteringstem and an impression capping secured to the base of the backing andadapted for the root, the capping having asingle flange to engage asingle rabbeted portion at the lingualside of the root.

3. A tooth crown embodying a backing having a tubular root enteringstem, and a facing secured to the backing and normally closing thepassage through the stem. sides of the root, which will interfere with 5Instead of employing a cap of the said character and adapting the 4:. Atooth crown embodying a backing having a tubular root entering stem anda facing having a tang secured thereto to enter 1 the stem.

5. A tooth crown embodying an angular backing having a tubular rootentering stem, an impression capping secured to the base of the backingand adapted for the root, and a facing secured to the backing andnormally closing the passage through the stem.

6. A tooth crown embodying a backing having a root entering stem, and animpression capping secured 'on the backing around the stem and adaptedfor'the root, the cap- '5 entering stem, an impression capping securedon the base of the backing and adapted for the root, the capping havinga collar around the stem to enter the root canal, and a facing securedto the backing and having 10 a tang secured thereto entering the stem,the

capping having a lip to engage a rabbeted portion on the lingual side ofthe root.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

CARROLL J. SPAIN.

Witnesses:

' G. P. BARrnETr, J. H. BOGKMON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C."

